January 30
January 30 is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 335 days remaining until the end of the year (336 in leap years).
Events
- 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster and Osnabrück is signed, ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain.
- 1649 - King Charles I of England is beheaded.
- 1661 - Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England is ritually executed after having been dead for two years.
- 1790 - The first boat specializing as a lifeboat is tested on the River Tyne.
- 1806 - The original Lower Trenton Bridge (also called the Trenton Makes the World Takes Bridge), which spans the Delaware River between Morrisville, Pennsylvania and Trenton, New Jersey, is opened.
- 1820 - Edward Bransfield sights the Trinity Peninsula and claims the discovery of Antarctica.
- 1826 - The Menai Suspension Bridge, considered the world's first modern suspension bridge, connecting the Isle of Anglesey to the north West coast of Wales is opened.
- 1835 - In the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States, Richard Lawrence attempts to shoot president Andrew Jackson.
- 1841 - A fire destroys two-thirds of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
- 1847 - Yerba Buena, California is renamed San Francisco.
- 1858 - The first Hallé concert is given in Manchester, England, marking the official founding of the Hallé Orchestra as a full-time, professional orchestra.
- 1862 - The first American ironclad warship, the USS Monitor is launched.
- 1889 - Archduke Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian crown, is found dead with his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera in Mayerling.
- 1911 - The destroyer USS Terry (DD-25) makes the first airplane rescue at sea saving the life of James McCurdy 10 miles from Havana, Cuba.
- 1911 - The Canadian Naval Service becomes the Royal Canadian Navy.
- 1913 - The United Kingdom's House of Lords rejects the Irish Home Rule Bill.
- 1925 - The Government of Turkey throws Patriarch Constantine VI out of Istanbul.
- 1930 - The world's first radiosonde is launched in Pavlovsk, USSR.
- 1933 - Adolf Hitler is sworn in as Chancellor of Germany.
- 1943 - World War II: Second day of the Battle of Rennell Island. TheUSS Chicago (CA-29) is sunk and a U.S. destroyer is heavily damaged by Japanese torpedoes.
- 1943 - Holocaust in Letychiv, Ukraine: The Nazi Gestapo commences mass shootings of Jews from Letychiv Ghetto. 200 surviving Jews from Letychiv slave labor camp are ordered to undress and are shot with a machine-gun into a ravine. Some 7,000 Jews were murdered in Letychiv.
- 1944 - World War II: United States troops land on Majuro.
- 1945 - The Wilhelm Gustloff, overfilled with refugees, sinks in the Baltic Sea after being torpedoed by a Soviet submarine, leading to the deadliest maritime disaster in known history, killing roughly 9,000 people.
- 1945 - World War II: Raid at Cabanatuan: 126 American Rangers and Filipino resistance liberate 500 prisoners from the Cabanatuan POW camp.
- 1945 - World War II: Hitler gives his last ever public address, a radio address on the 12th anniversary of his coming to power. (A subsequent address on February 24 was not read by Hitler.)
- 1948 - Indian pacifist and leader Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is assassinated by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist.
- 1956 - American civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr.'s home is bombed in retaliation for the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
- 1960 - The African National Party is founded in Chad, through the merger of traditionalist parties.
- 1962 - Two of the high-wire Flying Wallendas are killed when their seven-person pyramid collapses during a performance in Detroit, Michigan.
- 1964 - Ranger program: Ranger 6 is launched.
- 1968 - Vietnam War: The Tet Offensive begins when Viet Cong forces launch a series of surprise attacks in South Vietnam.
- 1969 - The Beatles' last public performance, on the roof of Apple Records in London. The impromptu concert is broken up by the police.
- 1972 - Bloody Sunday: British Paratroopers kill fourteen civil rights/anti internment marchers in Northern Ireland.
- 1972 - Pakistan withdraws from the Commonwealth of Nations.
- 1976 - George H. W. Bush becomes the 11th director of the CIA.
- 1979 - Varig 707-323C freighter, flown by the same commander as Flight 820, disappears over the Pacific Ocean 30 minutes after taking off from Tokyo.
- 1982 - Richard Skrenta writes the first PC virus code, which is 400 lines long and disguised as an Apple boot program called "Elk Cloner".
- 1989 - The American embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan closes.
- 1994 - Péter Lékó becomes the youngest chess grand master.
- 1995 - Workers from the National Institutes of Health announce the success of clinical trials testing the first preventive treatment for sickle-cell disease.
- 1996 - Gino Gallagher, the suspected leader of the Irish National Liberation Army, is killed while waiting in line for his unemployment benefit.
- 1996 - Comet Hyakutake is discovered by Japanese amateur astronomer Yuji Hyakutake.
- 2000 - Off the coast of Ivory Coast, Kenya Airways Flight 431 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean, killing 169.
- 2003 - Belgium legally recognizes same-sex marriage.
Births
- 133 - Marcus Severus Didius Julianus, Roman Emperor (d. 193)
- 1505 - Thomas Tallis, English composer (d. 1585)
- 1563 - Franciscus Gomarus, Dutch theologian (d. 1641)
- 1615 - Thomas Rolfe, American colonial settler and only child of Pocahontas and John Rolfe (d. 1675)
- 1661 - Charles Rollin, French historian (d. 1741)
- 1687 - Johann Balthasar Neumann, German architect (d. 1753)
- 1697 - Johann Joachim Quantz, German flautist and composer (d. 1773)
- 1720 - Charles De Geer, Swedish industrialist and entomologist (d. 1778)
- 1754 - John Lansing, Jr., American statesman (d. 1829)
- 1781 - Adelbert von Chamisso, German writer (d. 1838)
- 1816 - Nathaniel Prentice Banks, 24th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1894)
- 1822 - Franz Ritter von Hauer, Austrian geologist (d. 1899)
- 1832 - Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier (d. 1897)
- 1841 - Félix Faure, 6th President of the French Third Republic (d. 1899)
- 1859 - Tony Mullane, Irish-born American baseball player (d. 1944)
- 1861 - Charles Martin Loeffler, German-born composer (d. 1935)
- 1873 - Georges Ricard-Cordingley, painter (d. 1939)
- 1878 - Anton Hansen Tammsaare, Estonian author (d. 1940)
- 1882 - Franklin D. Roosevelt, 32nd President of the United States (d. 1945)
- 1889 - Jaishankar Prasad, Hindi poet, dramatist and novelist (d. 1937)
- 1894 - Tsar Boris III of Bulgaria (d. 1943)
- 1899 - Max Theiler, South African virologist, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1972)
- 1901 - Rudolf Caracciola, German race car driver (d. 1959)
- 1902 - Nikolaus Pevsner, German-born art historian (d. 1983)
- 1910 - C Subramaniam, Indian politician (d. 2000)
- 1911 - Roy Eldridge, American musician (d. 1989)
- 1912 - Werner Hartmann, German physicist (d. 1988)
- 1912 - Francis Schaeffer, American Evangelical theologian and pastor (d. 1984)
- 1912 - Barbara W. Tuchman, American historian (d. 1989)
- 1913 - Percy Thrower, British Television Gardener (d. 1988)
- 1914 - John Ireland, Canadian actor (d. 1992)
- 1914 - David Wayne, American actor (d. 1995)
- 1915 - Joachim Peiper, German SS officer (d. 1976, by assassination)
- 1915 - John Profumo, British cabinet minister (d. 2006)
- 1917 - Paul Frère, Belgian racing driver and motorsport journalist d. 2008)
- 1918 - David Opatoshu, American television actor (d. 1996)
- 1919 - Nikolay Glazkov, Russian poet (d. 1979)
- 1920 - Carwood Lipton, American WWII veteran (d. 2001)
- 1920 - Delbert Mann, American film director
- 1922 - Dick Martin, American comedian
- 1924 - Lloyd Alexander, American writer (d. 2007)
- 1925 - Douglas Engelbart, American computer scientist
- 1925 - Dorothy Malone, American actress
- 1927 - Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1986)
- 1928 - Hal Prince, American stage producer and director
- 1929 - Lucille Teasdale-Corti, Canadian surgeon and international aid worker (d. 1996)
- 1930 - Sandy Amorós, Cuban baseball player (d. 1992)
- 1930 - Samuel J. Byck, American attempted assassin of Richard Nixon (d. 1974)
- 1930 - Gene Hackman, American actor
- 1930 - Magnus Malan, South African politician
- 1931 - John Crosbie, Canadian politician
- 1931 - Allan W. Eckert, American historian, naturalist, and author
- 1931 - Shirley Hazzard, Australian-born author
- 1932 - Knock Yokoyama, Japanese comedian and politician
- 1933 - Louis Rukeyser, American journalist (d. 2006)
- 1935 - Richard Brautigan, American writer and poet (d. 1984)
- 1936 - F. Vernon Boozer, American politician
- 1936 - Patrick Caulfield, British painter and printmaker (d. 2005)
- 1936 - Horst Jankowski, German popular pianist (d. 1998)
- 1937 - Ed Hansen, American film director and editor (d. 2005)
- 1937 - Vanessa Redgrave, English actress
- 1937 - Boris Spassky, Russian chess player
- 1938 - Islom Karimov, President of Uzbekistan
- 1941 - Gregory Benford, American author and scientist
- 1941 - Dick Cheney, 46th Vice President of the United States
- 1941 - Tineke Lagerberg, Dutch swimmer
- 1942 - Marty Balin, American musician
- 1943 - Davey Johnson, American baseball player and manager
- 1945 - Michael Dorris, American author (d. 1997)
- 1947 - Les Barker, English poet
- 1947 - Steve Marriott, English musician (The Small Faces) (d. 1991)
- 1948 - Nick Broomfield, English film- and documentary-maker
- 1948 - Paul Magee, Provisional Irish Republican Army member
- 1949 - Peter Agre, American biologist, Nobel laureate
- 1950 - Trinidad Silva, American actor (d. 1988)
- 1951 - Phil Collins, English musician
- 1951 - Charles S. Dutton, American actor
- 1951 - Bobby Stokes, English former footballer (d. 1995)
- 1952 - Doug Falconer, Canadian football player
- 1955 - Curtis Strange, American golfer
- 1955 - John Baldacci, American politician, governor of Maine
- 1955 - Judith Tarr, American author
- 1956 - Jeremy Gittins, English actor
- 1956 - Keiichi Tsuchiya, Japanese racing driver
- 1957 - Payne Stewart, American golfer (d. 1999)
- 1958 - Brett Butler, American actress and comedian
- 1959 - Mark Eitzel, American singer and musician (American Music Club)
- 1959 - Jody Watley, American singer
- 1961 - Dexter Scott King, American actor and son of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Coretta Scott King
- 1962 - King Abdullah II of Jordan
- 1962 - Mary Kay Letourneau, American convicted statutory rapist
- 1965 - Julie McCullough, American model and actress
- 1966 - Danielle Goyette, Quebec female ice hockey player
- 1967 - Jay Gordon, American musician
- 1968 - Trevor Dunn, American musician (Mr. Bungle, Fantômas, Secret Chiefs 3)
- 1968 - Prince Felipe of Spain
- 1969 - Carolyn Kepcher, American businesswoman and reality TV show star
- 1971 - Darren Boyd, British actor
- 1971 - Kimo von Oelhoffen, American football player
- 1972 - Lupillo Rivera, Mexican singer
- 1972 - Chris Simon, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1973 - Jalen Rose, American basketball player
- 1974 - Christian Bale, Welsh actor
- 1974 - Olivia Colman, English actress
- 1974 - Jemima Khan, English socialite
- 1975 - Juninho Pernambucano, Brazilian footballer
- 1975 - Yumi Yoshimura, Japanese singer (Puffy Amiyumi)
- 1976 - Andy Milonakis, American comedian
- 1977 - Deltha O'Neal, American football player
- 1978 - John Patterson, American baseball player
- 1980 - Leilani Dowding, British glamour model
- 1980 - Wilmer Valderrama, American actor
- 1980 - Pavel Ponomaryov, Russian-Estonian actor
- 1980 - Joãozinho, Brazilian footballer
- 1981 - Dimitar Berbatov, Bulgarian footballer
- 1981 - Peter Crouch, English footballer
- 1981 - Josh Kelley, American musician
- 1981 - Mathias Lauda, Austrian racing driver
- 1982 - Jorge Cantu, Mexican baseball player
- 1984 - Jeremy Hermida, American baseball player
- 1985 - Aaadietya Pandey, Indian astrologer
- 1985 - Trae Williams, American football player
- 1986 - Sam Duckworth, British singer-songwriter
- 1986 - Nick Evans, American baseball player
- 1987 - Rebecca Knox, Irish professional wrestler
- 1987 - Arda Turan, Turkish footballer
- 1988 - Rob Pinkston, American actor
- 1989 - Khleo Thomas, American actor and rapper
- 1990 - Jake Thomas, American actor
- 1990 - Eiza Gonzalez, Mexican actress/singer
- 1991 - Matthew Werkmeister, Australian actor
- 1993 - Christina Kirkman, American actress
- 2005 - Prince Hashem bin Al Abdullah II, of Jordan
Deaths
- 1030 - William V, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 969)
- 1181 - Emperor Takakura of Japan (b. 1161)
- 1384 - Louis II of Flanders (b. 1330)
- 1574 - Damião de Góis, Portuguese philosopher (b. 1502)
- 1606 - Everard Digby, English conspirator (b. 1578)
- 1649 - King Charles I of England (executed) (b. 1600)
- 1730 - Tsar Peter II of Russia (b. 1715)
- 1836 - Betsy Ross, American seamstress (b. 1752)
- 1858 - Coenraad Jacob Temminck, Dutch zoologist (b. 1778)
- 1867 - Emperor Kōmei of Japan (b. 1831)
- 1869 - William Carleton, Irish novelist (b. 1794)
- 1889 - Crown Prince Rudolph of Austria (b. 1858)
- 1926 - Barbara La Marr, American actress (b. 1896)
- 1928 - Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger, Danish scientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1867)
- 1929 - La Goulue, French Cancan dancer (b. 1866)
- 1934 - Frank Nelson Doubleday, American publisher (b. 1862)
- 1948 - Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Mahatma Gandhi, Indian freedom fighter (b. 1869)
- 1948 - Orville Wright, American aviation pioneer (b. 1871)
- 1951 - Ferdinand Porsche, Austrian automotive engineer (b. 1875)
- 1958 - Jean Crotti, Swiss artist (b. 1878)
- 1958 - Ernst Heinkel, German aviation engineer (b. 1888)
- 1962 - Manuel de Abreu, Brazilian physician (b. 1894)
- 1963 - Francis Poulenc, French composer (b. 1899)
- 1969 - Georges Pire, Belgian monk, Nobel laureate (b. 1910)
- 1980 - Professor Longhair, American musician (b. 1918)
- 1982 - Lightnin' Hopkins, American musician (b. 1912)
- 1991 - John Bardeen, American physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1908)
- 1991 - Clifton C. Edom, American photojournalism educator (b. 1907)
- 1991 - John McIntire, American actor (b. 1907)
- 1994 - Pierre Boulle, French author (b. 1912)
- 1995 - Gerald Durrell, British naturalist, zookeeper, author, and television presenter (b. 1925)
- 1998 - Richard Cassilly, American tenor (b. 1927)
- 1999 - Huntz Hall, American actor (b. 1919)
- 1999 - Ed Herlihy, American broadcaster (b. 1909)
- 2001 - Jean-Pierre Aumont, French actor (b. 1911)
- 2001 - Johnnie Johnson, British fighter pilot (b. 1915)
- 2001 - Joseph Ransohoff, the father of modern neurosurgery (b. 1915)
- 2005 - Martyn Bennet, Canadian musician (b. 1971)
- 2005 - Wes Wehmiller, American musician (b. 1971)
- 2006 - Coretta Scott King, American activist and wife of Martin Luther King, Jr. (b. 1927)
- 2007 - Nikos Kourkoulos, Greek actor and artistic director (b. 1934)
- 2007 - Sidney Sheldon, American author, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1917)
- 2008 - Jeremy Beadle, British television host, (b. 1948)
- 2008 - Roland Selmeczi, Hungarian actor (b. 1969)
- 2008 - Marcial Maciel, Mexican religious leader (b. 1920)
Holidays and observances
External links
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