November 4
November 4 is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 57 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani.
- 1501 - Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's wife) meets Arthur Tudor, Henry VIII's older brother - they would later marry.
- 1576 - Eighty Years' War: In Flanders, Spain captures Antwerp (after three days the city was nearly destroyed).
- 1677 - The future Mary II of England marries William, Prince of Orange. They would later jointly reign as William and Mary.
- 1737 - The Teatro di San Carlo is inaugurated.
- 1783 - W.A. Mozart's Symphony No. 36 receives its première performance in Linz, Austria.
- 1791 - The Western Confederacy of American Indians win a major victory over the United States in the Battle of the Wabash.
- 1825 - The Erie Canal is completed with Governor DeWitt Clinton performing the Wedding of The Waters ceremony in New York Harbour.
- 1834 - The Delta Upsilon Fraternity is established at Williams College Massachusetts.
- 1839 - The Newport Rising is the last large-scale armed rebellion against authority in mainland Britain.
- 1852 - Count Camillo Benso di Cavour becomes the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expands to become Italy.
- 1861 - The University of Washington opens in Seattle, Washington as the Territorial University
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Johnsonville - Confederate troops bombard a Union supply base and destroy millions of dollars in material.
- 1889 - Menelek of Shoa obtains the allegiance of a large majority of the Ethiopian nobility, paving the way for him to be crowned emperor.
- 1890 - City & South London Railway: London's first deep-level tube railway opens between King William Street and Stockwell.
- 1918 - World War I: Austria-Hungary surrenders to Italy.
- 1918 - The German Revolution begins when 40,000 sailors take over the port in Kiel.
- 1921 - The Sturmabteilung or SA is formally formed by Adolf Hitler
- 1921 - Japanese Prime Minister Hara Takashi is assassinated in Tokyo.
- 1921 - The Italian unknown soldier is buried in the Altare della Patria (Fatherland Altar) in Rome.
- 1922 - In Egypt, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to King Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings.
- 1924 - Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming is elected as the first female governor in the United States.
- 1939 - World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the United States Customs Service to implement the Neutrality Act of 1939, allowing cash-and-carry purchases of weapons by belligerents.
- 1942 - World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein - Disobeying a direct order by Adolf Hitler, General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel leads his forces on a five-month retreat.
- 1944 - World War II: Bitola Liberation Day
- 1952 - The United States government establishes the National Security Agency.
- 1955 - After being totally destroyed in World War II, the rebuilt Vienna State Opera reopens with a performance of Ludwig van Beethoven's Fidelio.
- 1956 - Soviet troops enter Hungary to end the Hungarian revolution that started on October 23. Thousands are killed, more are wounded, and nearly a quarter million leave the country.
- 1962 - In a test of the Nike-Hercules air defense missile, Shot Dominic-Tightrope is successfully detonated 69,000 feet above Johnston Island. It would also be the last atmospheric nuclear test conducted by the United States.
- 1966 - Two-thirds of Florence, Italy is submerged as the Arno river floods; together with the contemporaneous flood of the Po River in northern Italy, this leads to 113 deaths, 30,000 made homeless, and the destruction of numerous Renaissance artworks and books.
- 1970 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The United States turns control of the Binh Thuy Air Base in the Mekong Delta over to South Vietnam.
- 1970 - Genie, a 13 year old feral child is found in Los Angeles, California having been locked in her bedroom for most of her life.
- 1973 - The Netherlands experiences the first Car Free Sunday caused by the 1973 oil crisis. Highways are deserted and are used only by cyclists and roller skaters.
- 1979 - Iran hostage crisis begins: a group of Iranians, mostly students, invades the United States embassy in Tehran and takes 90 hostages (53 of whom are American).
- 1986 - Chief Justice Rose Bird and two colleagues are removed by the electorate from the Supreme Court of California for their opposition to capital punishment.
- 1989 - The congress of the Solidarity Party is inaugurated in Sweden. The congress decides, contrary to the proposal of the central committee, not to disband the party.
- 1993 - Bolivia becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
- 1993 - A China Airlines Boeing 747 overruns Runway 13 at Hong Kong's Kai Tak International Airport while landing during a typhoon, injuring 22 people.
- 1994 - San Francisco: First conference that focuses exclusively on the subject of the commercial potential of the World Wide Web.
- 1995 - Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin is assassinated by an extremist Orthodox Israeli.
- 2002 - Chinese authorities arrest cyber-dissident He Depu for signing pro-democracy letter to the 16th Communist Party Congress
- 2003 - The most powerful solar flare observed by satellite instrumentation is recorded.
- 2008 - In the United States presidential election, Barack Obama is elected the 44th President of the United States and Joe Biden is elected the 47th Vice President. Barack Obama becomes the first African-American President-elect.
Births
- 1448 - King Alphonso II of Naples (d. 1495)
- 1470 - King Edward V of England, one of the two princes in the Tower (d. 1483)
- 1575 - Guido Reni, Italian painter (d. 1642)
- 1631 - Mary of Orange, eldest daughter of Charles I of England and mother of William III of England (d. 1660)
- 1661 - Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine (d. 1742)
- 1740 - Augustus Montague Toplady, English author of hymn "Rock of Ages" (d. 1778)
- 1765 - Pierre Girard, French mathematician (d. 1836)
- 1809 - Benjamin Robbins Curtis, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1874)
- 1816 - Stephen Johnson Field, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1899)
- 1836 - Henry J. Lutcher, American businessman (d. 1912)
- 1845 - Vasudeo Balwant Phadke, Indian revolutionary (d. 1883)
- 1868 - Carolina Otero, a.k.a La Belle Otero, Spanish actress, singer and courtesan (d. 1965)
- 1874 - Aleksandr Vasilevich Kolchak, Russian military commander (d. 1920)
- 1879 - Will Rogers, American humorist (d. 1935)
- 1883 - Nikolaos Plastiras, Greek general (d. 1953)
- 1884 - Harry Ferguson, Northern Irish aviator and inventor (d. 1960)
- 1890 - Alfred Henschke, ps. Klabund, German writer and poet (d. 1928)
- 1896 - Carlos P. Garcia, 8th President of the Philippines (d. 1971)
- 1899 - Nicolas Frantz, Luxembourgish cyclist (d. 1985)
- 1900 - Lucreţiu Pătrăşcanu, Romanian communist activist and sociologist (d. 1954)
- 1901 - Princess Bang-ja of Korea (d. 1989)
- 1901 - Spyridon Marinatos, Greek archaeologist (d. 1974)
- 1904 - Tadeusz Żyliński, Polish technician and textilist (d. 1967)
- 1908 - Józef Rotblat, Polish physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 2005)
- 1908 - Stanley Cortez, American cinematographer (d. 1997)
- 1909 - Skeeter Webb, American baseball player (d. 1986)
- 1909 - Bert Patenaude, American soccer player (d. 1974)
- 1912 - Vadim Salmanov, Russian composer (d. 1978)
- 1913 - Gig Young, American actor (d. 1978)
- 1916 - Walter Cronkite, American news broadcaster
- 1918 - Art Carney, American actor (d. 2003)
- 1918 - Cameron Mitchell, American actor (d. 1994)
- 1919 - Martin Balsam, American actor (d. 1996)
- 1922 - Benno Besson, Swiss actor (d. 2006)
- 1923 - Freddy Heineken, Dutch businessman (d. 2002)
- 1924 - Howie Meeker, Canadian ice hockey player and politician
- 1928 - Hannah Weiner American experimental poet
- 1929 - Shaike Ophir, Israeli actor (d. 1987)
- 1930 - Doris Roberts, American actress
- 1930 - Dick Groat, American baseball player
- 1932 - Thomas Klestil, President of Austria (d. 2004)
- 1933 - Tito Francona, American baseball player
- 1936 - C. K. Williams, American poet
- 1937 - Loretta Swit, American actress
- 1937 - Michael Wilson, Canadian politician
- 1940 - Delbert McClinton, American musician
- 1943 - Marlène Jobert, French actress
- 1943 - Clark Graebner, American tennis player
- 1943 - Bob Wollek, French race car driver (d. 2001)
- 1944 - Scherrie Payne, American singer (The Supremes)
- 1944 - Linda Gary, American voice actress (d. 1995)
- 1946 - Laura Bush, First Lady of the United States
- 1946 - Frederick Elmes, American cinematographer
- 1946 - Robert Mapplethorpe, American photographer (d. 1989)
- 1950 - Charles Frazier, American author
- 1950 - Markie Post, American actress
- 1951 - Traian Băsescu, President of Romania
- 1951 - Cosey Fanni Tutti, English performance artist (Throbbing Gristle, Chris and Cosey)
- 1953 - Carlos Gutierrez, American politician
- 1953 - Jacques Villeneuve (elder), Canadian racing driver
- 1953 - Dr. Marvel Williamson, American educator
- 1954 - Chris Difford, English musician and songwriter (Squeeze)
- 1955 - Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland
- 1956 - Jordan Rudess, American musician (Dream Theater)
- 1956 - James Honeyman-Scott, English guitarist (The Pretenders) (d. 1982)
- 1958 - Anne Sweeney, American television executive
- 1960 - Marc Awodey, American artist and writer
- 1960 - Frl. Menke, German pop singer of the Neue Deutsche Welle
- 1961 - Kathy Griffin, American comedian
- 1961 - Daron Hagen, American composer
- 1961 - Edward Knight, American composer
- 1961 - Ralph Macchio, American actor
- 1961 - Les Sampou, American musician
- 1961 - Nigel Worthington, Northern Irish footballer
- 1962 - Jeff Probst, American television host
- 1963 - Marc Déry, Canadian singer and guitarist (Zébulon)
- 1963 - Rosario Flores, Spanish singer and actress
- 1963 - Michel Therrien, Canadian ice hockey coach
- 1963 - Lena Zavaroni, Scottish artist and singer (d. 1999)
- 1965 - Malandra Burrows, English actress and singer
- 1965 - Tomoaki Ishizuka "Pata", Japanese musician
- 1965 - Jeff Scott Soto, American musician (Yngwie Malmsteen Journey)
- 1965 - Wayne Static, American musician (Static-X)
- 1966 - H. John Heinz IV, American medieval armor craftsman; son of Teresa Heinz
- 1967 - Eric Karros, American baseball player
- 1968 - Carlos Baerga, Puerto Rican baseball player
- 1969 - Sean "Diddy" Combs, American rapper
- 1969 - Matthew McConaughey, American actor
- 1970 - Tim DeBoom, American triathlete
- 1972 - Luís Figo, Portuguese footballer
- 1972 - Tabassum Hashmi, Indian actress
- 1974 - Cedric Bixler-Zavala, American musician (At the Drive-In, The Mars Volta)
- 1975 - Éric Fichaud, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1975 - Eduard Kokcharov, Russian handball player
- 1975 - Curtis Stone, Australian chef and television personality
- 1975 - Heather Tom, American actress
- 1976 - Bruno Junqueira, Brazilian racing driver
- 1976 - Mario Melchiot, Dutch footballer
- 1977 - Larry Bigbie, American baseball player
- 1977 - So Ji-sub, South Korean swimmer, model and actor
- 1977 - Tonicha Jeronimo, British actress
- 1978 - Carmen Cali, American baseball player
- 1978 - John Grabow, American baseball player
- 1979 - Jesse Camp, American VJ
- 1979 - Trishelle Cannatella, American reality tv castmember and model
- 1979 - Audrey Hollander, American pornographic actress
- 1980 - Sabrina Colie, Jamaican actress
- 1980 - Jerry Collins, New Zealand rugby union footballer
- 1980 - Richard Owens, American football player
- 1980 - Marcy Rylan, American actress
- 1981 - Vince Wilfork, American football player
- 1982 - Devin Hester, American football player
- 1985 - Marcell Jansen, German footballer
- 1986 - Alexz Johnson, Canadian singer and actress
- 1986 - Adrian Zaugg, South African racing driver
- 1998 - Darcy Rose Byrnes, American actress
Deaths
- 1411 - Khalil Sultan, ruler of Transoxonia (b. 1384)
- 1652 - Jean-Charles de la Faille, Flemish mathematician (b. 1597)
- 1658 - Antoine Le Maistre, French Jansenist (b. 1608)
- 1669 - Johannes Cocceius, Dutch theologian (b. 1603)
- 1698 - Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician and mathematician (b. 1625)
- 1702 - John Benbow, English admiral (b. 1653)
- 1704 - Andreas Acoluthus, German orientalist (b. 1654)
- 1781 - Johann Nikolaus Götz, German poet (b. 1721)
- 1801 - William Shippen, American physician and delegate to the Continental Congress (b. 1712)
- 1847 - Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (b. 1809)
- 1856 - Hippolyte Delaroche, French painter (b. 1797)
- 1893 - Pierre Tirard, French politician (b. 1827)
- 1906 - John H. Ketcham, American politician (b. 1832)
- 1918 - Wilfred Owen, English poet (b. 1893)
- 1924 - Gabriel Fauré, French composer (b. 1845)
- 1924 - Richard Conner, American Civil War Medal of Honor Recipient (b. 1843)
- 1928 - Arnold Rothstein, American gambler (b. 1882)
- 1930 - Buddy Bolden, American musician (b. 1877)
- 1950 - Grover Cleveland Alexander, American baseball player (b. 1887)
- 1955 - Cy Young, American baseball player (b. 1867)
- 1957 - Shoghi Effendi, Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith (b. 1897)
- 1968 - Michel Kikoine, Belarusian painter (b. 1892)
- 1969 - Carlos Marighella, Brazilian politician (b. 1911)
- 1974 - Bert Patenaude, American soccer player (b. 1909)
- 1980 - Elsie MacGill, Canadian aeronautical engineer (b. 1905)
- 1982 - Dominique Dunne, American actress (b. 1959)
- 1986 - Kurt Hirsch, German mathematician (b. 1906)
- 1994 - Fred "Sonic" Smith, American guitar player MC5 (b. 1949)
- 1995 - Yitzhak Rabin, Israeli prime minister; recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1922)
- 1995 - Gilles Deleuze, French philosopher (b. 1925)
- 1997 - H. Richard Hornberger, American writer (b. 1924)
- 1999 - Malcolm Marshall, Barbadian West Indies cricketer (b. 1958)
- 2003 - Richard Wollheim, British philosopher (b. 1923)
- 2003 - Ken Gampu, South African actor (b. 1929)
- 2003 - Charles Causley, Cornish writer and poet (b. 1917)
- 2005 - Nadia Anjuman, Afghan poet and journalist (b. 1980)
- 2005 - Sheree North, American actress and singer (b. 1932)
- 2006 - Ernestine Gilbreth Carey, American memoirist (Cheaper by the Dozen) (b. 1908)
- 2006 - Frank Arthur Calder, Canadian politician (b. 1915)
- 2007 - Peter Viertel, German-American author and screenwriter (b. 1920)
- 2008 - Juan Camilo Mouriño, Mexican Secretary of the Interior (b. 1971)
- 2008 - Michael Crichton, American author. (b. 1942)
Holidays and observances
External links
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